Ngā Pūrongo - Me pēhea te hanga i ngā taputapu tunu kai konumohe me te raro whakapūmau me ōna wero matua

He Kupu Whakataki ki ngā Taputapu Tunu Kai Konumohe Whakakaha Katoa

Utauta tunu kai konumohe raro katoaKa whakakotahi i te kawe wera pai rawa atu o te konumohe me te whai huatanga o te tunu kai hiko. He rerekē ki ngā kohua me ngā paraharaha konumohe tuku iho kāore e mahi i runga i ngā oumu hiko, he hanganga motuhake ēnei taputapu tunu kai e pai ai te whakamahi i te hangarau hiko hiko.

Tukanga Whakaputa mō ngā Utauta Tunu Kai Konumohe Whakapūmau Katoa

1. Te Kōwhiringa Rauemi me te Hoahoa

Tinana Konumohe: He mea whakamahi i ngā koranu konumohe kounga teitei (pēnei i te 3003, 3004 rānei) hei kawe wera pai rawa atu.
Paparanga Aukume: Kei roto ngā rauemi ferromagnetic pēnei i:
- Pereti maitai waro
- Kowiri tira aukume (430 te taumata)
- Ngā mea whakakotahi paparanga maha

2. Ngā Tikanga Hanga

A. Hanganga o te Papa Whakakikorua/Honohia

Kua herea he pereti maitai aukume motuhake ki te tinana konumohe.
Ko ngā tikanga ko:
- Te hononga ā-pūkaha pēhanga teitei: Te whakamahi i te pēhanga nui hei whakakotahi i ngā paparanga
- Te hononga pahūtanga: Kāore i te tino kitea engari ka hangaia he hononga whakarewa kaha
- Te herenga rōra: Mō ngā rau paparanga maha i mua i te hanganga

B. Hanganga o raro kua whakakīia

Ka whakakīia te rauemi aukume ki roto i te konumohe i te wā e whakarewaina ana
He mea noa mō ngā oko tunu kai konumohe whakarewa-mate
Ka waihanga i te whakaurunga maeneene me te whakawhiti wera pai ake

C. Hanganga Papa-maha

Ko te tinana katoa o ngā oko tunu kai he mea hanga mai i ngā paparanga honohono (hei tauira, te maitai kore waikura/konumohe/te maitai kore waikura)
Ka whakarato i te hototahitanga o te whakaurunga puta noa
He pai ake te mahi tunu kai engari he nui ake te utu

3. Ngā Hipanga Whakaputa

Te Whakarite Rauemi: Tapahia te konumohe me ngā paparanga aukume kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga
Tukanga Hononga: Honoa ngā paparanga mā te whakamahi i te tikanga hononga kua tīpakohia
Te Hanga: Hangaia te rauemi piri kia rite ki te āhua o ngā oko tunu kai mā te tā, te miro rānei
Maimoatanga Wera: Te whakamahana hei whakamamae i te ahotea me te whakapai ake i te roa
Whakaotinga: Te maimoatanga mata, te paninga (korepiri, te whakakoi mārō)
Mana Kounga: Whakamātautau whakaurunga, manatoko papatahi, tirotiro pono o te hononga

Te Raru Matua: Te Kore-ōrite o te Whānuitanga Wera

Te Wero Matua

Ko te raru hangarau matua i roto i te hanga i ngā oko tunu kai konumohe raro katoa he rerekētanga o te whānui wera i waenga i te konumohe me te paparanga aukume (ko te nuinga he maitai, he maitai kore waikura aukume rānei).

He aha te Hiranga o tēnei:

Ngā Reiti Whakawhanui Rerekē
- E rua te nui o te whakawhanuitanga o te konumohe i te rino ina werahia
- Tau whakawhanui o te konumohe: ~23 × 10⁻⁶/°C
- Tau whakawhanui o te maitai: ~12 × 10⁻⁶/°C
- Ka puta he ahotea nui i te atanga hononga i ngā huringa whakamahana/whakamatao
Ngā Huanga o te Taumahatanga Wera
- Te piko: Tērā pea ka piko te raro o te taputapu tunu kai, ka kore e pai te pa atu ki te oumu hiko.
- Te wehewehe: Ka taea e ngā paparanga piri te wehe i roto i te wā
- Ngatata: He tino raruraru i ngā taha me ngā kokonga
- He iti ake te whai huatanga: Ka hua ake te wera koretake me te ngaronga pūngao i te pā kino

Ngā Wero Hanga Anō

Te Pono o te Hononga
- Te waihanga i tētahi hononga pumau, kaha hoki i waenga i ngā konganuku rerekē
- Te whakarite kia tino pā te hononga, kāore he āputa hau, he poke rānei
- Te pupuri i te kaha o te hononga mā roto i ngā huringa wera auau
Tohatoha Wera
- Te whakatutuki i te horapa wera ōrite mai i te paparanga aukume ki te konumohe
- Te ārai i ngā wāhi wera e pā ai te paparanga aukume ki te oumu hiko
- Te whakarite i te whakawhiti wera poutū whai hua mā roto i ngā paparanga
Ngā Āwangawanga mō te Pumau
- Te waikura karawaka i waenga i ngā konganuku rerekē
- Ātete kakahu o te atanga hononga
- Te mahi roa i raro i ngā āhuatanga kīhini tūturu

Ngā Otinga me ngā Tikanga Pai rawa atu

1. Ngā Otinga Hangarau mō te Taumahatanga Wera

Ngā Papa Waenga: Te whakamahi i ngā koranu hototahi hei rauemi whakawhiti
Ngā Tikanga Hononga Motuhake: Te whakawhanake i ngā tikanga motuhake mō te whakahaere ahotea
Arotautanga Hoahoa: Te whakauru i ngā āhuatanga e urutau ana ki ngā rerekētanga whānui
Taiao Hanga Whakahaeretia: Te whakahaere pāmahana tika i te wā whakaputa

2. Ngā Mahi Whakahaere Kounga

Whakamātautau Kore-Whakangaro: Whakamātautau Ultrasound mō te pumau o te hononga
Whakamātautau Huringa Wera: Te whakatauira i ngā tau o te whakamahinga o te kīhini i roto i ngā āhuatanga whakahaeretia
Manatoko Papatahi: Te whakarite kia mau tonu te whakapā atu ki ngā oumu whakapūmau
Whakamātautau Rerenga Aukume: Te whakaū i te urupare whakaawe tika

3. Ngā Auahatanga Rauemi

Ngā Koranu Matatau: Te whakawhanake i ngā koranu konumohe me ngā āhuatanga whakawhanui kua whakarerekētia
Ngā Rauemi Whakakotahi: Te hanga rauemi kua whakaritea mō ngā tono whakaawe
Ngā Maimoatanga Mata: Te Whakapai ake i te Kaha o te Hononga mā te Whakarerekētanga Mata